What is magma and lava?

Magma normally resides, even for long periods, in specific points of the earth's crust (at depths that can vary between 1,5 and 10 km), in the magma chambers, the reservoirs of volcanic eruptions. ... Lava is nothing more than the transformation of magma once the volcano has erupted.

What does magma mean?

Magma can be roughly defined as a high temperature, high pressure viscous fluid which, when cooled, forms igneous rocks.

What is basaltic magma?

The behavior of magma can also depend on its chemical composition. Basaltic magma usually rises to the surface to erupt from a volcano, while granite magma usually solidifies within the earth's crust. ... Basaltic magma, on the other hand, is less viscous and therefore flows easily.

Why does magma turn to lava?

The sudden decrease in pressure, as it passes outside the earth's crust, causes degassing of the magma: the gases, initially dissolved in solution, undergo a sudden evaporation, separating from the magmatic melt which, consequently to the variation of the chemical composition, becomes .. .

What washes it?

- It is the igneous paste or magma, which erupts from volcanoes. There are two main types of lavas: acidic and basic. ... When the basic lavas erupt in large mass and soon consolidate, or overflow from the flows for a short distance, they take the form of ropes.

What causes the magma to rise?

In the molten state, magma is a mixture of dissolved gases and molten minerals. When molten rock solidifies, some minerals become crystals. In this process many of the dissolved gases are not incorporated, so there will be a higher concentration of those substances that form the explosive bubbles.

What is basic magma?

When magma contains less than 50% silica it is called basic magma. In this magma there are considerable quantities of iron, magnesium and calcium. ... From the solidification of the basic magma, rocks with low silica content are formed, among which we have basalt.

Where does magma originate?

Magma is generated when the temperature is high enough to allow (partial) melting of part of the mantle or crust. The mantle (normally solid) if it melts (partially) gives rise to basaltic magmas. The crust (normally solid) if it melts (partially) gives rise to rhyolitic magmas. 3.

Where is basic lava found?

Etna in Sicily and Stromboli in the Aeolian Islands are among the most active volcanoes in the world and erupt basic or basaltic magmas. During the fragmentation process, the expansion of the gases produces cavities called vesicles inside the pyroclasticites.

How is lava produced?

Lava is created because underground, at great depth, the rock melts due to the high temperature. The lava rises to the surface because it is lighter than the rocks around it.

What temperature is the magma?

it is measured directly, through pyrometers, when it comes out through the volcanic process. The temperature values are variable in relation to the type of m .: it is between 1200 and 1300 ° C for m.

How are metamorphic rocks formed?

Metamorphic rocks are formed, within the earth's crust, from a series of mineralogical and structural transformations affecting rocks of various types, in response to a physical environment (lithostatic pressure, temperature, presence / absence and composition of fluids) that has changed with respect to to the one where the rocks ...

How is the magma chamber created?

The magma chamber, on the other hand, is an area composed of porous rocks that are "impregnated" with melt. The presence of the magma chamber inside the volcanic buildings is testified by the compositional variability of the magmas erupted from a volcano at different times (sometimes even during the same event).

What are the main differences between intermediate Femic and Sialic magmas from the chemical, physical and manifestation point of view?

femic magmas are low in silica, less viscous and warmer. Sialic magmas are rich in silica, viscous and colder.

What is magma and lava?